TASKS
COMPETENCIES
AND
OBJECTIVES
SUBTOPIC TITLE: I.A. Introduction to Refrigeration Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the history of air-conditioning and refrigeration.
2. Define air-conditioning and refrigeration.
3. Explain the differences between air-conditioning and refrigeration.
4. Determine career opportunities in the HVACR industry.
5. Describe the role of Trade Association
SUBTOPIC TITLE: I.B. Introduction to Air Conditioning Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Understand the historical development of air-conditioning.
2. Define "air-conditioning" and relate to human comfort conditions.
3. Discuss the differences between air-conditioning and heating.
4. Discuss the various systems of air-conditioning:
a. mechanical compression cycle
b. evaporative cooling
c. desiccant dehumidification
d. absorption cycle
5. Explain why ventilation is often inadequate.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: I. C. Introduction to Heating Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Understand the historical development of heating.
2. Define "heating."
3. Discuss the differences between air-conditioning and heating.
4. Explain the various heating systems:
a. gas
b. oil
c. heat pump
d. electric resistance
e. hydronics
f. solar
II. PRINCIPLES OF THERMODYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
SUBTOPIC TITLE: II.A. Matter and Heat Behavior Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define matter and heat.
2. Explain the direction and rate of heat flow.
3. Describe the three methods of heat transfer.
4. Identify the reference points of temperature:
a. boiling point
b. freezing point
c. critical temperature
d. absolute zero
5. Explain the difference between heat and temperature.
6. Explain the difference between latent and sensible heat.
7. Explain the change of state of matter.
8. Explain heat/cool storage.
9. Define specific heat.
10. Define sensible heat.
11. Define latent heat of fusion.
12. Define latent heat of vaporization.
13. Define enthalpy.
14. Define saturation temperature (dew point temperature).
15. Define water vapor pressure.
16. Explain the direction and rate of moisture transfer
TASK:
1. Calculate total heat (in BTU's) a pound of any substance contains.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: II.B. Fluids and Pressures Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the relationship of pressures and fluids at saturation temperatures.
2. Identify the relationship between temperature and pressure using the P/T Chart.
3. Define pressure.
4. Explain atmospheric pressure.
5. Explain compound gauges.
6. Explain bourdon tubes.
7. Explain barometric pressure.
8. Explain absolute pressure.
9. Explain gauge pressure.
10. Explain inches of mercury absolute.
11. Explain micron.
TASKS:
1. Calculate absolute and gauge pressures.
2. Measure absolute and gauge pressures.
3. Relate temperature and pressure using the P/T Chart.
4. Measure a vacuum using a micron gauge.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: II.C. Refrigeration Cycle/Diagrams Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify the four major components of the vapor compression refrigeration system.
2. Describe the state and conditions of the refrigerant during a cycle
3. Explain the effects of:
a. superheating the suction gases
b. increasing the condensing pressure
c. subcooling the liquid
4. Explain the importance of superheat and subcooling.
5. Define refrigeration.
6. Explain the functions of the four major components of a refrigeration system:
a. compressor
b. condenser
c. metering device
d. evaporator
7. List the components which separate the high side from the low side of the system.
8. Describe the Temperature/Enthalpy (T-H) Diagram.
TASKS:
1. Draw a refrigeration cycle on a pressure-enthalpy chart:
a. diagram a simple refrigeration cycle
b. state the unit of measurement for heat (BTU/h)
c. define enthalpy and entropy
d. show arrows for direction of cycle flow
e. place accumulator, receiver and oil separator correctly on refrigeration cycle drawing
2. Draw a simple refrigerant cycle diagram and label each of the basic components as well as the refrigerant lines. Place arrows on the diagram to show the direction of refrigerant flow.
3. Calculate problems using Temperature/Enthalpy (T-H) Diagram.
4. Calculate problems using Pressure/Enthalpy (P-H) Diagram.
5. Label the line which represents each of the four basic components on a Pressure/Enthalpy (P-H) Diagram.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: II.D. Measurement Systems Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain units of heat, power, velocity, mass and length.
2. Identify U.S. and S.I. units.
TASKS:
1. Convert from U.S. to metric units for the following:
a. Length
b. Area
c. Volume
d. Mass
e. Force
f. Velocity
g. Density
h. Pressure
i. Temperature
j. Energy
k. Power
l. Specific Heat
m. Volume Flow Rate
n. Capacity
2. Convert pounds to ounces.
3. Convert cooling capacity from tons of refrigeration to kW and Btu/h to kW.
III. SAFETY
SUBTOPIC TITLE: III.A. Personal Safety and Work Practices Tech. Curr.-1
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain clothing and safety equipment.
2. Review OSHA standards.
3. Explain the effects of substance abuse on safety.
4. Review safe driving practices.
5. Identify, handle, use, and dispose of hardware material.
TASKS:
1. Wear appropriate clothing.
2. Use safety equipment (e.g., footwear, hearing protection, hardhat, goggles, gloves).
3. Demonstrate good housekeeping practices in the lab.
4. Demonstrate proper ladder safety:
a. wooden
b. aluminum
c. fiberglass
d. scaffolding
5. Demonstrate proper lifting procedures.
6. Pass safe driving course.
7. Use appropriate fire extinguishers.
8. Conduct routine safety inspections.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: III.B. Handling of Pressurized Fluids Tech. Curr.-1
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. List safety requirements.
2. Explain application of pressure relief devices.
3. Explain proper storage and handling of refrigerants.
4. Explain effect of temperature and hydraulic expansion.
5. Explain proper storage and handling of oxygen, nitrogen and acetylene bottles.
6. Explain the effects of mixing oxygen and oil.
7. Follow procedures specified on the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
8. Store and dispose of hazardous material according to EPA specifications.
9. Explain ASHRAE Refrigerant Safety Classification of Refrigerants for Toxicity and Flammability.
TASKS:
1. Properly fill and label a refrigerant cylinder.
2. Determine if a refrigerant cylinder needs retesting
SUBTOPIC TITLE: III.C. Handling Hazardous Substances Tech. Curr.-1
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain use of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
2. Define difference between hazardous materials, substances and wastes.
3. Explain use of hazardous material manifest.
TASKS:
1. Locate MSDS and identify particular effect.
2. Demonstrate use of proper clothing and equipment.
3. Demonstrate basic first aid procedure
SUBTOPIC TITLE: III. D. Electrical Safety Tech. Curr.-1
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain importance of ground fault circuit interrupters.
2. Explain the use of power tools and accessories.
3. Discuss work habits.
4. Explain environmental safety practices.
5. Explain proper procedures when working with hands on live equipment.
TASKS:
1. "Fault" a ground fault interrupter.
2. Demonstrate the use of lockout/tagout equipment
IV. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IV.A. Hand Tools and Accessories Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify basic tools:
a. adjustable wrenches
b. Allen (hex) wrenches
c. crimpers
d. diagonal cutting pliers (dikes)
e. flare nut wrenches
f. general-use pliers
g. hack saw
h. hand saw
i. lineman pliers (sidecutters)
j. nutdrivers
k. open & box end wrenches
l. pipe wrenches
m. pulley & gear pullers
n. punches
o. scratch awl
p. sheet metal snips
q. socket wrenches
r. torque wrenches
s. various hammers
t. various screwdrivers
u. wire strippers
v. tape measure
w. solder gun
x. Schrader valve
2. Identify power tools:
a. general-purpose drills
b. hammer drill
c. power screwdriver
d. reciprocating saws
e. screwgun
3. Identify fasteners:
a. bolts
b. conduit, pipe & cable clamps
c. masonry anchors
d. nails
e. screws
f. various electrical connectors
g. pop rivets
4. Identify pipe and tubing tools:
a. benders
b. flaring tools
c. pipe cutters, reamers and threaders
d. pipe vises
e. swaging tools
f. tubing cutters and reamers
5. Describe lubrication methods using different types of circuits:
a. grease guns
b. oilers
c. spra
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IV.A. Hand Tools and Accessories (cont'd) Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
TASKS:
1. Show the proper use of a pipe cutter.
2. Show the proper use of a threader.
3. Demonstrate how to make a flared tubing joint.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IV.B. Electrical Testing Devices/Meters Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define amps, volts, ohms and watts.
2. Demonstrate understanding of the basic types of electrical measurement.
TASKS:
1. Measure voltage with digital and analog voltmeters.
2. Measure AC current with a clamp-on ammeter.
3. Measure resistance with an ohmmeter.
4. Check winding insulation with megohmmeter.
5. Check voltage with a voltage tester.
6. Use a continuity tester to determine whether an open circuit or dead short exists.
7. Use a capacitance meter to measure capacitance of run and start capacitors.
8. Calculate capacitance.
9. Wire and measure resistance of different types of circuits:
a. series
b. parallel
c. unequal
d. series - parallel
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IV.C. Refrigeration: Servicing and Testing Equipment Tech. Curr.-2 & 3
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
TASKS:
1. Measure pressures with the refrigeration gauge manifold.
2. Evacuate systems with a two-stage vacuum pump.
3. Measure vacuums with a thermistor vacuum gauge.
4. Measure temperatures with electronic thermometers.
5. Measure temperatures with bimetal, thermocouple or glass stem thermometer.
6. Charge a system with a charging cylinder.
7. Charge a system with an electronic charging scale.
8. Check for leaks with electronic leak detector and halide torch.
9. Use nitrogen with trace of R-22 for leak detection.
10. Compare readings to manufacturers' specifications.
11. Determine refrigerant amount and type.
12. Charge a system to manufacturers' specification
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IV.D. Heating: Servicing and Testing Equipment Tech. Curr.-2 & 3
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
TASKS:
1. Measure chimney draft with a gauge:
a. Measure draft over fire
b. Measure draft at the chimney breaching
2. Perform an efficiency test on an oil-gas burner:
a. smoke test
b. CO2 test
c. O2 test
d. check draft
e. check stack temperature
3. Determine effectiveness of an oil pump using:
a. vacuum gauge
b. pressure gauge
4. Determine relative humidity using a sling psychrometer:
a. Find the relative humidity and dew point using psychrometric chart
5. Measure gas pressure with the following equipment:
a. U-tube manometer
b. pressure gauge
6. Calculate proper size of chimney for both 80 and 90+ furnaces.
7. Determine what to do with an "orphaned" water heater.
8. Check wall thermostat and anticipator:
a. cooling system (fan on-automatic)
b. heating system (fan on-automatic
9. Check electronic pilot system.
10. Check and adjust blower system.
11. Check and adjust fan control.
12. Check limit and safety controls.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IV.E. Air Flow: Measuring and Testing Equipment Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
TASKS:
1. Determine air velocity within a duct via:
a. pitot tube
b. inclined manometer
c. electronic velometer
d. U-tube manometer
2. Determine air velocity at grilles and diffusers via:
a. deflecting vane anemometer
b. velometer
c. hot wire anemometer
d. pitot tube
e. rotating vane anemometer
3. Measure pressure drop with a magnahelic gauge.
4. Determine Cubic Feet Per Minute (CFM).
5. Use manufacturers' airflow data sheet.
6. Solve problems using friction loss chart.
V. PIPING AND PIPING PRACTICES
SUBTOPIC TITLE: V.A. Piping Material and Fabrication Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify types of pipe and tubing used in refrigeration work.
2. Identify various types of fittings.
3. Describe methods of insulating pipe and tubing.
4. Identify soldering and brazing alloys used in HVACR.
5. Explain applications of soldering and brazing aloys.
6. Describe heat sink methods.
7. Describe heat exchange techniques.
8. Describe the applications and installation of vibration eliminators.
9. Identify types of torches.
TASKS:
1. Flare copper tubing.
2. Swage copper tubing.
3. Bend copper tubing.
4. Solder and braze copper tubing.
5. Cut and thread steel/iron pipe.
6. Solder aluminum tubing.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: V.B. Pipe Sizing and Troubleshooting Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain capacities of refrigerant lines.
2. Explain effects of refrigerant velocity in lines.
3. Explain equivalent lengths of piping for fittings.
4. Explain use of traps in vapor risers.
5. Explain the effects of pressure drop in the refrigeration system.
6. Explain gas piping.
TASKS:
1. Calculate total effective length of pipe runs.
2. Calculate amount of refrigerant in lines.
3. Size piping using manufacturers' installation instructions.
4. Calculate pressure drop in liquid line risers.
5. Size liquid and vapor lines
6. Calculate gas piping sizes to multiple units, fed from a single meter.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: V.C. Sheetmetal Tech. Curr.-3
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain use of bending tools.
2. Explain use of cutting tools.
3. Explain the types of ductwork and fittings.
TASKS:
1. Demonstrate use of tin snips left, right and straight.
2. Identify the different pressures of ductwork.
3. Identify the different types of connections.
VI. ELECTRICITY
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VI.A. Basic Electricity Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define watts, ohms, volts, and amps.
2. Define and compare single- and three-phase voltage and current.
3. Identify types of electrical loads (i.e., capacitive, inductive and resistive).
4. Analyze applications of magnetism in electricity.
5. Apply magnetic principles to electrical theory.
6. Compare conducting and insulating materials.
7. Identify principles of solid-state switching devices.
TASKS:
1. Demonstrate proper use of ammeter, ohmmeter, voltmeter and wattmeter.
2. Use Ohms Law to solve circuit problems and calculate circuit loads.
3. Use appropriate meters to check basic electrical components.
4. Determine the electrical characteristics of both series and parallel circuits.
5. Demonstrate algebra/math skills.
6. Determine the equivalent resistance in a parallel and series circuit.
7. Determine the equivalent capacitance in a parallel and series circuit.
8. Construct and analyze:
a. series circuit
b. parallel circuit
c. series-parallel circuit
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VI.B. Electrical Generation and Distribution Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain basic generator principle.
2. Explain how electricity is produced and distributed.
3. Define Wye (Y) and Delta (D)distribution systems.
TASKS:
1. Draw and identify power transformer types.
2. Use electrical meters appropriately to test and identify voltages in both single- and three-phase systems.
3. Size/test fuses/breakers and safely replace them.
4. Use National Electrical Code (NEC) tables (i.e., NEC 310-16) to check wire size and conduit size for connected equipment.
5. Determine correct wire size and voltage drops for electrical circuits.
6. Determine whether existing load centers are adequate to supply desired load addition.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VI.C. Electrical Components Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define magnetic theory.
2. Define and explain the use or function of:
a. Aquastats
b. Capacitors
c. Contactor/Starters
d. Crankcase Heaters
e. Current relays
f. Damper Actuators
g. Defrost Timers
h. Fan/Limit Controls
i. Oil pressure safety
j. Overloads
k. Positive Temperature Co-efficient (PTC)
l. Potentiometers
m. Pressure Controls
n. Relays
o. Rheostats
p. Sail Switches
q. Sequencers
r. Solenoids
s. Solid state time delays
t. Thermostats
u. Water Valves
v. Zone Valves
TASK:
1. Demonstrate proper use of test equipment for testing the above items.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VI.D. Electric Motors Tech. Curr.-2, 3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain electric motor theory (i.e., magnetism, electromotive force, etc.).
2. Explain operation and application of:
a. Capacitor start induction run motor (CSIR)
b. Capacitor start capacitor run motor (CSCR)
c. Electronically controlled motor (ECM)
d. Modulating motor (economizers)
e. Multi-speed motor
f. Permanent split capacitor (PSC)
g. Shaded pole
h. Split-phase motor (RSIR)
i. Three-phase motor
j. Variable-speed motor
3. Describe starting components associated with single-phase and three-phase motors.
4. Explain the significance of power factor.
TASKS:
1. Demonstrate proper use of testing equipment for motors.
2. Determine physical conditions of motor bearings and rotors.
3. Build a basic motor-using a piece of wood, copper wire, and a coat hanger.
4. Draw and explain the starting and run circuit for a single-phase CSIR compressor using a current type starting relay.
5. Draw and explain the starting and run circuit for a single-phase CSCR compressor using a potential (metage) starting relay.
6. Draw and explain the circuit for a PSC compressor.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VI.E. Electrical Circuits and Controls Tech. Curr.-2
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Interpret detailed instructions for wiring circuits.
TASKS:
1. Draw electrical circuits that conform to standard industry logic and symbols using appropriate loads and controls.
2. Wire actual electrical circuits from wiring diagrams.
3. Demonstrate use and understanding of basic electrical meters in actual wiring and testing of circuits.
4. Identify and draw all electrical symbols used by the HVACR industry in diagrams.
5. Size an electric motor circuit, single and multiple, including overcurrent protection in accordance with National Electrical Code (NEC)
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VII.A. Gas Valves Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify types of gas valves:
a. low voltage
b. line voltage
c. redundant
d. two-stage
e. modulating
2. Explain the operation of solenoid valves used to control gas flow.
3. Describe function and application of regulators.
4. Describe the methods of pilot/burner ignition:
a. Standing pilot thermocouple
b. Glow coil pilot ignition
c. Intermittent spark pilot ignition
d. Direct spark burner ignition
e. Hot surface burner ignition
5. Describe methods of fan control for the three categories of gas furnaces:
a. Low-efficiency - 60-70% efficient
b. Mid-efficiency - 78-80% efficient
c. High-efficiency - 90%+ efficient
6. Describe the sequence of operation for 78-80% efficient gas furnaces.
7. Identify the components used in all types of gas furnaces:
a. Low-efficiency - 60-70% efficient
b. Mid-efficiency - 78-80% efficient
c. High-efficiency - 90%+ efficient
8. Explain the operation of a redundant gas valve.
TASKS:
1. Check gas valve operation.
2. Check flame sensing current of flame sensing device.
3. Check and adjust inlet and outlet pressure of a gas valve.
4. Perform conversion on gas valve from natural gas to liquified petroleum (LP) or reverse.
5. Check the operation of an induced draft blower by blocking flue outlet.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VII.B. Fuel Controls Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the operation of ignition and pilot proving devices.
2. Explain operation of an oil delay valve.
TASKS:
1. Test and change a thermocouple flame sensor.
2. Test spark ignition modules.
3. Perform safety lockout procedures for burners.
4. Measure resistance of cad cell.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VII.C. Residential Control Systems - Heating/Cooling Tech. Curr.-3
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify residential heating and cooling thermostats.
2. Identify controls for heating and cooling.
3. Explain heat and cooling anticipators.
TASKS:
1. Install and test a fan/limit control to identify set point of control.
2. Wire a complete heating system - line and low voltage.
3. Wire a humidistat into electrical circuit.
4. Wire an electronic air cleaner into an electrical circuit.
5. Program a programmable thermostat for heating, cooling and heat pump operation including set-up and set back.
6. Set heat anticipator on system thermostat.
7. Install residential heating and cooling thermostats
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VII.D. Commercial Control Systems Tech. Curr.- 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify types of control systems:
a. electromechanical
b. pneumatic
c. electronic
d. programmable
e. building management
2. Identify control system components.
3. Describe electrical/mechanical sequences of operation of control systems.
TASKS:
1. Draw a schematic diagram using all components necessary to safely operate an air conditioner, heat pump, furnace or chiller system.
2. Wire the control circuit of an air-conditioning heating or chiller system.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VII.E. Heat Pump Controls Tech. Curr.-3
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the operation and function of a reversing valve.
2. Identify the main types of defrost controls.
3. Identify and explain the operation of each type of defrost control.
4. Identify and explain the operation of flow and safety control for geothermal system.
5. Describe the purpose and function of outdoor thermostats.
6. Describe the sequence and purpose of emergency heat controls.
7. Identify and explain the operation of check valves in heat pumps.
8. Describe the sequence between first stage and second stage heating thermostat.
9. Describe the auxiliary heat controls.
TASKS:
1. Select and install appropriate system thermostat.
2. Wire the control circuit of a heat pump system.
3. Install or replace a heat sequencing relay.
4. Perform tests on reversing valve to determine if mechanical or electrical failure.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VII.F. Direct Digital Controls (DDC) Tech. Curr.-4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the history of DDC systems.
2. Discuss the definition of DDC systems.
3. Explain wiring methods.
4. Explain peripheral devices.
5. Explain input and output.
6. Explain central processors.
7. Explain the difference between DDC and Energy Management Systems (EMS).
8. Discuss remote communications, monitoring and alarming.
9. Describe a programmable thermostat.
10. Describe several applications for electronic controls.
11. Describe why electronic controls are more applicable to some situations than are electromechanical controls.
TASKS:
1. Troubleshoot a basic electronic control circuit board.
2. Program different types of thermostats.
SUBTOPIC TITLE:VII.G. Energy Management Systems (EMS) (Computer Controls)Tech. Curr.- 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the definition of EMS.
2. Explain the difference between EMS and Direct Digital Controls (DDC).
3. Discuss the uses for EMS.
4. Discuss utility rebates regarding EMS.
5. Explain wiring methods.
6. Explain peripheral devices.
7. Explain input and output.
8. Discuss remote communications, monitoring and alarming.
9. Discuss energy accounting.
10. List the principal parts of a programmable controller.
TASKS:
1. Draw basic diagrams of how input and output modules function.
2. Enter a program into a programmable controller.
VIII. SOLID STATE ELECTRONICS
SUBTOPIC TITLE: VIII.A. Solid State Components Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the function and/or application in HVACR circuits and controls of:
a. Amplifiers
b. Bilateral switches
c. Capacitors
d. Diodes
e. Direct Digital Control/System (DDC/DDS)
f. Effects of heat and moisture
g. Photoelectric Cell
h. Rectifiers
i. Resistors
j. Semiconductors
k. Shielded wiring
l. Sensors
m. Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR)
n. Thermistors
o. Transducers
p. Transistors
q. Triacs
2. Explain the role computers are now playing in the HVACR industry.
TASKS:
1. Measure resistive value of various sensors.
2. Measure operability of various boards.
3. Test electronic air cleaners.
IX. LOAD CALCULATIONS
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IX.A. Refrigeration Loads Tech. Curr.-3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define "U" value: (Btu/hr×ft2×°F).
2. Define "K" value: (Btu/hr×ft2×°F).
3. Define "C" value: (Btu/hr×ft2×°F).
4. Define "R" value: (hr×ft2×°F/Btu).
5. Interpret heat transfer tables ("U," "K," "C," "R").
6. Explain the heat load sources:
a. conduction
b. infiltration (sensible and latent)
c. product
d. miscellaneous loads (people, motors, equipment, sensible and latent)
e. radiation
7. Explain the purpose of vapor barriers.
8. Interpret tables of specific heat values, latent heat, and heat of respiration.
TASK:
1. Calculate total heating transfer value of any surface (R) - (U).
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IX.B. Psychrometrics Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify the following on a psychrometric chart:
a. dry bulb line (DB)
b. wet bulb line (WB)
c. relative humidity (RH)
d. dew point (DP)
e. enthalpy (h)
f. specific humidity (grains of moisture) or (lbw/lbda)
g. apparatus dew point
2. Explain:
a. specific humidity
b. apparatus dew point
c. contact factor
d. relative humidity
e. dry bulb
f. wet bulb
g. dew point
h. enthalpy
g. specific volume
TASKS:
1. Calculate:
a. refrigeration sensible heat ratio
b. latent heat ratio
c. contact factor
d. latent heat
e. sensible heat
f. total heat
g. water removal
h. mixed air conditio
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IX.B. Psychrometrics (cont'd) Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
TASKS:
2. On a psychrometric chart, plot the following:
a. sensible heating
b. sensible cooling
c. heating and humidifying
d. heating and dehumidifying
e. cooling and humidifying
f. cooling and dehumidifying
g. humidifying
h. dehumidifying
i. cooling cycle
j. mixed air process
k. cooling and reheat
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IX.C. Heating Loads Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Interpret structure design data.
2. Interpret building prints - size of rooms, etc.
TASKS:
1. Determine total resistance to heat flow ("R"), ("U").
2. Calculate conduction loss:
a. walls
b. roofs
c. floors
d. windows
e. basement (walls, floor)
f. unconditioned space
3. Calculate infiltration:
a. doors
b. windows
4. Calculate ventilation load.
5. Calculate duct loss.
6. Calculate effects of bath and kitchen exhaust.
7. Calculate effects of power roof ventilators.
8. Calculate total heating load
SUBTOPIC TITLE: IX.D. Cooling Loads Tech. Curr.-3 & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Interpret structure design data.
TASKS:
1. Calculate "U" values for building material.
2. Calculate Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD).
3. Make corrections for CLTD.
4. Calculate conduction loads:
a. walls
b. roofs
c. windows
d. doors
e. unconditioned space
f. floors
5. Calculate lighting load.
6. Calculate equipment load.
7. Calculate infiltration and ventilation load:
a. heat load
b. moisture loads
8. Calculate duct gain.
9. Calculate refrigeration sensible heat ratio.
10. Calculate storage factor.
11. Calculate effects of bath and kitchen exhaust.
12. Calculate effects of power roof ventilators.
13. Calculate total cooling load:
a. sensible loads
b. latent loads
X. REFRIGERANT SYSTEM COMPONENTS
SUBTOPIC TITLE: X.A. Metering Devices Tech. Curr.-2, 3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define types of metering devices:
a. capillary tubes
b. thermal expansion valve
c. automatic expansion valve
d. low side float
e. high side float
f. hand expansion valve
g. restrictor orifices
h. electronic expansion valve
i. solid state expansion valve
2. Evaluate system performance when using different types of flow control devices.
3. Explain how to size expansion valves.
4. Explain how to size a thermal expansion valve.
5. Explain how to size an automatic expansion valve.
TASKS:
1. Adjust and size metering devices when and where appropriate.
2. Check and adjust superheat and/or subcooling to manufacturers' specifications.
3. Install capillary tube.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: X.B. Evaporators Tech. Curr.-3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify types of evaporators:
a. bare-tube
b. finned
n internal
n external
c. plate
d. unit coolers
e. chillers
2. Determine the Mean Effective Temperature Difference (METD).
TASKS:
1. Adjust for proper coil air flow.
2. Check coil performance.
3. Select and size evaporator based on compressor capacities.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: X.C. Compressors Tech. Curr.-3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify types of compressors:
a. hermetic
b. semi-hermetic
c. open type
2. Identify methods of compression:
a. centrifugal
b. rotary
c. screw
d. scroll
e. reciprocating
3. Explain the methods of compression.
4. Explain methods of capacity control:
a. cylinder unloading
b. multiple compressors
c. hot gas bypass
d. variable speed compressors
TASKS:
1. Select the compressor based on cooling load.
2. Determine the system balance based on the selected components.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: X.D. Condensers Tech. Curr.-3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Define the types of condensers:
a. air-cooled
b. water-cooled
c. evaporative-cooled
2. Determine proper air and water flow.
3. Describe maintenance of a condenser and a cooling tower.
4. Explain the operation and performance of a condenser.
5. Explain the terms "range" and "approach" related to cooling towers.
6. Explain purpose of heat reclaim.
TASKS:
1. Adjust the air flow for proper temperature difference.
2. Adjust water flow for proper gallons per minute (GPM) and temperature difference.
3. Size a cooling tower.
4. Select and size an air-cooled condenser
SUBTOPIC TITLE: X.E. Accessories Tech. Curr.-3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify the proper location of all accessories:
a. accumulators
b. crankcase heaters
c. crankcase pressure regulating valves
d. defrost timers
e. driers/filters
f. evaporator pressure regulating valves
g. head pressure controls
h heat exchangers
i. hot gas bypass
j. low pressure controls
k. low ambient controls
l. mufflers
m. oil separators
n. receivers
o. solenoid valves
p. suction filters
q. unloaders
r. vibration eliminators
s. check valves
t. water regulating valve
u. liquid sight valve-refrigerant and oil
v. relief valve
2. Determine appropriate accessories for systems application.
3. Explain the operation of the above listed accessories (Item #1).
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
TASKS:
1. Replace a drier/filter.
2. Adjust a crankcase pressure regulating valve.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: X.F. Access Valves Tech. Curr.-2, 3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify front and back seat valves in the:
a. Operation and use of the suction and discharge service valves that service the compressor.
b. Application and operation of the king valve at the outlet of the receiver.
c. Application and operation of the queen valve where present, near the receiver.
d. Small system high side and low side service ports.
e. Front seating and Schrader valves, OEM and field installed.
TASKS:
1. Identify Schrader Type OEM and field installed in the:
a. Installation and use of clamp on valves.
b. Installation and use of solder (in) or (on) stem valves.
c. Use of A/C front seating/Schrader OEM service valves.
d. Use of quick disconnects with Schrader-Based Valves.
XI. AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XI.A. Unitary Cooling Tech. Curr.-3
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Describe the sequence of the basic refrigeration cycle and operation of the various types of air-conditioning systems.
TASK:
1. Use and read various tools and instrumentation needed for checking, testing, and operating air-conditioning systems.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XI.B. Central Station Systems Tech. Curr.-4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the basic function of the following components of central station systems:
a. air distribution systems
b. expansion tanks
c. heat recovery systems
d. water chiller
e. water cooling tower
2. Explain the operation of a central station system.
3. Understand the requirements for system control:
a. electronic DDC
b. pneumatic
c. building systems
TASK:
1. Draw a piping diagram of a chilled water system:
a. Two-way control valves
b. Three-way control valves
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XI.C. Service and Problem Analysis Tech. Curr.-2, 3, 4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the causes of electrical problems.
2. Explain the causes of mechanical problems.
3. Explain the causes of hydronic problems.
TASK:
1. Analyze air-conditioning systems and appropriately diagnose the electrical and/or mechanical and/or hydronic problems.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XI.D. Absorption Refrigeration Tech. Curr.-4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Explain the basic function of the components of the absorption system.
2. Describe the sequence of operation of the absorption system.
3. Understand which components of an absorption system can be field-serviced.
TASK:
1. Check all "external" components of system for proper operation.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XI.E. Desiccant Cooling and Dehumidification Tech. Curr.-4, & 5
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. List the applications of dehumidification.
2. Describe the methods of desiccant dehumidification.
3. Describe the benefits of using desiccant dehumidification versus cooling coil dehumidification.
4. Explain how a desiccant wheel works.
5. Understand and describe how the four primary variables influence the performance of a desiccant dehumidifier:
a. air flow
b. entering humidity level
c. entering dry bulb temperature
d. regeneration temperature
6. Understand basic troubleshooting methods for desiccant systems:
a. air flow readings
b. temperature verification
c. humidity level readings
d. mass balance calculation
7. Describe the operation and maintenance of desiccant cooling and dehumidification systems. (Desiccant cycle and physical components)
8. List the various types of desiccant cooling and dehumidification systems in use today.
9. Describe how desiccant dehumifiers are integrated into conventional refrigeration and air-conditioning systems and identify, the function of each component in an integrated system.
The student will:
TASKS:
1. Read and use the various tools/instruments needed for checking, testing and operating a desiccant dehumidifier:
a. airflow measurement
b. humidity measurements
n wet/dry bulb
n dewpoint
n relative humidity
c. moisture balance calculation
2. Analyze a desiccant system and determine:
a. if meeting manufacturers' specifications
b. potential for improving moisture removal rate
XII. HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XII.A. Basic Principles and Components Tech. Curr.-3, & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Review the history of heat pumps.
2. Explain the basic theory of the air source heat pump system.
3. Explain the basic theory of the water source heat pump system.
4. Explain the basic theory of geothermal source heat pump system.
5. Identify and explain the function of the electrical and mechanical components of the heat pump systems.
6. Explain terms typically used for heat pumps:
a. Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER)
b. Coefficient of Performance (COP)
c. Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF)
d. Balance Points
e. Outdoor Design Temperature (ODT)
f. Optimizer
7. Analyze and explain the refrigerant cycle in both cooling and heating -- identifying the pressure and state of the refrigerant at any point in the refrigerant circuit.
8. Explain the different types of defrost methods.
9. Describe the operation of the time clock in a defrost control.
10. Identify which three components of a heat pump system are controlled directly during a defrost cycle.
11. Describe a heat pump thermostat function.
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
TASKS:
1. Check reversing valve for proper temperatures.
2. Calculate both economic and thermal balance points.
3. Calculate temperature settings for multiple outdoor thermostats.
4. Check refrigerant charge using charging chart.
5. Check sequence of operation of an air-to-air split system heat pump for cooling, heating, and defrost modes.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XII.B. Applications Tech. Curr.-3, & 4
COMPETENCY OBJECTIVES:
The student will:
KNOWLEDGE:
1. Identify and describe different types of heat pump systems:
a. Air-cooled
b. Water-source
n open loop
n closed loop
n air-to-water
n water-to-water
n geothermal
2. Analyze and compare the operation and performance of the different types of Heat Pump Systems:
a. Explain the integration and operation of the air-to-air heat pump with electric resistance heat.
b. Explain the integration and operation of the water-to-air heat pump with electric resistance heat.
c. Explain the integration and operation of the air-to-air heat pump with a fossil fuel unit.
d. Explain applications for open vs. closed loop geothermal heat pump systems.
SUBTOPIC TITLE: XII.B. Applications(cont’d) Tech. Curr.-3, & 4
TASK:
1. Mechanically and electrically connect and check out:
a. Air-to-air heat pump
b. Water-to-water heat pump